Ukraine's ongoing martial law prohibits referendums and elections, while constitutional rules require a nationwide vote with high turnout thresholds and millions of signatures to authorize any territorial changes in a peace settlement. Recent polling shows majority support for a referendum in principle and conditional openness to concessions with security guarantees, yet no ceasefire has materialized amid stalled talks, continued strikes, and Russian insistence on maximalist terms. Traders' 96.2% "No" consensus reflects these procedural and diplomatic barriers within the short window to 2027. A verified ceasefire followed by rapid legislative adjustments and verified signature collection could still enable resolution before the deadline.