**No comprehensive U.S. AI safety bill is on track for enactment before 2027.** Multiple proposals, including the bipartisan FRONTIER Act discussion draft and Senate negotiations led by Majority Leader John Thune with Sens. Amy Klobuchar and Ted Cruz on catastrophic risks, have circulated since summer 2026, alongside industry input such as Anthropic’s narrow October draft. However, progress remains stalled by disagreements over federal preemption of state laws, the scope of government review authority, liability standards, and opposition from labor groups and some Democrats. Congress faces a compressed post-midterm lame-duck schedule dominated by appropriations, defense authorization, and other priorities, with no bill text advanced to markup or floor votes. Recent executive actions remain voluntary and do not substitute for legislation.